THERMODYNAMICS OF FATIGUE: DEGRADATION-ENTROPY GENERATION METHODOLOGY FOR SYSTEM AND PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION AND FAILURE ANALYSIS

Thermodynamics of Fatigue: Degradation-Entropy Generation Methodology for System and Process Characterization and Failure Analysis

Formulated is a new instantaneous fatigue model and predictor based on ab initio irreversible thermodynamics.The method combines the first and second laws of thermodynamics Green Lipped Mussel with the Helmholtz free energy, then applies the result to the degradation-entropy generation theorem to relate a desired fatigue measure—stress, strai

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Sexual dimorphism in excess power index of four North American native bees (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae, Apidae, and Halictidae)

A multitude of hymenopteran species exhibit sexual dimorphism for simple traits, such as color, size, or antennal segment number.These differences can reflect selection for specialized biological roles, many of which have not been documented for the majority of bee and wasp species.The excess power index (EPI) is an estimate of insect flight perfor

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